Keppra
Keppra
Keppra (Levetiracetam)Pharmacodynamics
Antiepileptic agent, the action mechanism it is obscure. It is effective both at focal, and at the big epilepsy (epileptiform implications). The stable condition is reached through 48 h at reception of a preparation 2 times a day.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption - full, has linear character. Bioavailability - is close to 100 %. Absorption degree does not depend on a dosage and reception nutrition, however under the influence of nutrition rate of an absorption decreases a little. TCmax - 1.3 h. Cmax - 31 and 43 mkg/ml at reception 1 g unitary and repeated reception 1 g (2 times a day) accordingly. Distribution volume - 0 l/kg. Communication with fibers of plasma - less than 10 %. Primary metabolite UCB L057 - pharmacalogical is inactive. T1/2 - 6-8 h (does not depend on a dose and a dosage regimen). The average size of a clearance - 0.96 ml/minutes/kg Is deduced mainly by kidneys - to 95 %. During the first 48 h the general Keppra deducing and its primary metabolite makes 66 and 24 % accordingly. A renal Keppra clearance and UCB L057 - 0.6 and 4.2 ml/mines/kg accordingly.Keppra deducing correlates with KK. T1/2 At older persons it is enlarged by 40 % (10-11) because of a depression of function of kidneys. At serious disturbances of function of a liver the Keppra clearance decreases more than on 50 %.
Indications to application
Epilepsy (focal epileptic attacks with or without transition to secondary big attacks) - as a part of complex therapy.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity, the lactemia period, age till 16 years.
Interaction
Probably joint application with other antiepileptic preparations (Phenytoinum, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, Primidonum) ; digoxin and warfarin - at a daily Keppra dose till 2 g.
Special indicatings
It is not necessary to use during pregnancy without emergency (considering, that breaks in anticonvulsant therapy can lead to the exacerbation of illness harmful to mother and a foetus).It is necessary to cancel gradually (for example reduction of a dose by 500 mg at reception 2 times a day everyone 2-4 weeks). Keppra does not influence activity of enzymes of a liver in this connection, exposed influencing it, - is improbable. In treatment it is necessary to be careful at driving of motor transport and employment by other potentially dangerous kinds of the activity demanding raised concentration of attention and speed of psychomotor reactions. With care. Pregnancy.
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