Zovirax
Zovirax
Zovirax (Acyclovir)Farmakoterapevtichesky group
Antiviral preparation
Structure
1 tablet contains 200 mg, 400 mg or 800 mg of Zovirax
Pharmacological action
Antiviral preparation. Zovirax represents synthetic analogue of the cleared native nucleoside. It is highly active concerning a virus of simple herpes (Herpes simplex) types 1 and 2, a virus surrounding depriving (Varicella zoster), Epstein-Barra virus.
Antiviral activity of Zovirax is caused by its competitive interaction with virus enzyme. Last co-operates from virus DNA-polymerase and is built in DNA which is synthesised for new viruses. Thus, virus DNA in which structure defect contains that leads to suppression of new viruses generations.
Pharmacokinetics
After intake Zovirax it is only partially absorbed from an intestine. Linkage with fibers of plasma makes 9-33 %.
Concentration of active substance in a spinal liquid makes 50 % from its concentration in plasma. Zovirax gets through a placental barrier, it is allocated with thoracal milk. A unique metabolite of Zovirax is 9-karboksimetoksimetilguanin. The Most part of Zovirax is deduced by kidneys in not changed kind, 10-15 % of a dose - in the form of a metabolite. The semideducing period makes nearby 3 h.
At disturbances of function of kidneys the semideducing period is enlarged.
Indications to application
Treatment of the infections caused by viruses Varicella zoster (a chicken pox and surrounding herpes);
Treatment of relapsing genital herpes.
Dosage regimen
For treatment of the infections caused Varicella zoster, the adult with normal immunity. Zovirax prescribe on 800 mg of 5 times/sut within 7-10 days, it is better not later 72 h from the moment of the disease beginning.
To children about 2 years a preparation are elderly prescribe in a dose of 800 mg/24;
To children of 2-6 years - 1.6 g/24 h;
6 years - are more senior 3.2/24 h
Frequency rate of application - 4 times/days Course of treatment - not less than 5 days. At relapsing genital herpes Zovirax prescribe on 800 mg 2 times/days
It is necessary to interrupt long therapy periodically on 6-12 month for an estimation of effect and definition of further tactics of treatment or herpes preventive maintenance. At patients with renal insufficiency at treatment of the infections caused Varicella zoster, and a maintenance therapy of patients with the expressed depression of immunity to patients with KK 10-25 ml/mines Zovirax prescribe in a dose 2.4 g/sut, frequency rate of reception - 3 times with an interval 8 h. At patients with KK less than 10 ml/mines should be reduced a daily dose to 1.6 g; frequency rate of reception - 2 times with an interval 12 h.
Side effects
Probably: a dermal eruption (quickly passing after preparation cancellation).
In single instances: a nausea, vomiting, a diarrhoeia, an intestinal colic; moderate short-term rising of levels of bilirubin and liver enzymes, small rising of concentration of urea and a creatinine in a blood plasma; a diffusive alopecia; headaches, a syndrome of chronic weariness, drowsiness.
Contraindications
Hypersensibility to a preparation.
Special indicatings
Efficiency of treatment will be that above, than earlier it is begun. The preparation is most effective at patients with not changed immunity. Patients to the lowered immunity at repeated refresher courses of treatment sometimes have a formation of fastness of viruses to Zovirax .
Experience of Zovirax application in pregnancy is insignificant. In need of preparation appointment it is necessary to estimate strictly prospective advantage of treatment for mother and possible risk for a foetus.
As it is known, that Zovirax it is allocated with thoracal milk, the question on application of a preparation in a lactemia should be solved individually.
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