Terramycin
Terramycin
Mechanism and Usage
Belonging to tetracycline antibiotics, Terramycin (oxytetracycline) is derived from Streptomyces rimosus. It is widely used for treating and preventing infections caused by various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and certain organisms.
Terramycin absorbs well and is bound to proteins of plasma. After having been transferred to the bile by the liver, it is removed with the urine and feces as a concentrated biologically active component.
Terramycin easily penetrates into the fetal circulation through the placenta. It can be also found in the pleural fluid and sometimes in the cerebrospinal fluid.
Terramycin is found in a wide range of infections.
Microorganisms that cause them are listed below:
* Borrelia recurrentis: spirochete of relapsing fever;
* Mycoplasma pneumoniae (PPLO, Eaton Agent);
* Rickettsiae (fevers of various nature including: typhus fever, rickettsialpox, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Q fever, tick fever);
* Granuloma inguinale and Lymphogranuloma venereum;
* ornithosis and psittacosis agents.
Gram negative microorganisms include:
* Bacteroides;
* Haemophilus ducreyi (chancroid);
* Vibrio fetus and Vibrio comma;
* Pasteurella tularensis and Pasteurella pestis;
* Brucella (with streptomycin);
* Bartonella bacilliformis.
Due to often resistance to tetracycline antibiotics, susceptibility test is highly recommended.
Susceptibility
Tetracycline class of antibiotics is characterized by usual cross resistance due to relatively close antimicrobial spectra.
To determine bacterial susceptibility to certain drugs, a tetracycline disc is often used. With disc susceptibility testing according to Kirby-Bauer method, a 30 mcg disc should give a zone of at least 19 mm (in case of a tetracycline-susceptible bacterial strain).
Microorganisms are considered susceptible if minimum inhibitory concentration is not more than 4.0 mcg/ml. With minimum inhibitory concentration varying from 4.0 to 12.5 mcg/ml, intermediate susceptibility is diagnosed
Important Facts
1% water solution of Terramycin has acidic nature with pH of 2.5. Acid solutions with pH of more than 2 change the effectiveness of Terramycin. When in contact with alkali hydroxides, Terramycin is destroyed.
Inert ingredients of the medicine include: magnesium stearate; glucosamine hydrochloride; m sodium lauryl sulfate; gelatin capsules (with Red 3, Yellow 10 or different inert components), starch.
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