Diamox
Diamox (Acetazolamide) and generic diamoxPharmacological action
Causes weak diuretic effect. Preparation application at the raised intracranial pressure is bound to suppression carboangidraiz in plexuses of ventricles of a brain and depression of production of a spinno-brain liquid.
Duration of action - to 12 h.
Indications
- A hydropic syndrome (weak and moderate degree of expression, in a combination to an alkalosis);
- A glaucoma (primary and secondary, and also at an acute attack);
- An epilepsy (as a part of the combined therapy);
- An intracranial hypertensia;
- Acute high-rise (mountain) illness (a preparation reduces acclimatisation time, but its action on illness symptoms is expressed slightly).
Dosage regimen
At a hydropic syndrome in the beginning of treatment the preparation is prescribed in a dose by of 250-375 mg (1-1 tabltes.) 1 time/sut in the morning. The maximum diuretic effect is reached at preparation reception in day or 2 days on end, and then - an one-day break. At Diamox application it is necessary to continue circulatory unefficiency therapy, including warm glycosides, to keep to a diet with restriction of consumption of salt and to compensate for the deficiency a potassium.
The adult at an open angle glaucoma the preparation is prescribed in a single dose by of 250 mg (1 tablet.) 1-4 times/days of the Dose exceeding 1 g, do not enlarge therapeutic effect. At a secondary glaucoma the preparation is prescribed in a single dose by of 250 mg (1 tablet) everyone 4 h. At some patients the therapeutic effect is shown after short-term reception of a preparation on 250 mg 2 times/days At acute attacks of a glaucoma a preparation prescribe on 250 mg 4 times/days
To children at attacks of a glaucoma Diamox is prescribed in a dose from calculation of mass of a body by of 10-15 mg/kg a day for 3-4 receptions.
At an epilepsy the adult prescribe on 250-500 mg/sut in one step within 3 days, to 4th day - a break. To children is elderly with 4 to 12 months 50 mg/sut in 1-2 receptions; 2-3 years - 50-125 mg/24h in 1-2 receptions; 4-18 years on 125-250 mg of 1 times/24h in the morning. At simultaneous application of Diamox with other anticonvulsant preparations in the treatment beginning apply 250 mg (1 tablet) 1 time/24h, if necessary gradually enlarging a dose. At children it is not necessary to apply the doses exceeding 750 mg/days
At a mountain disease recommend to apply a preparation in a dose of 500-1000 mg (2-4 tablets) a day; in case of a fast ascension - on 1000 mg/days the Daily dose divide into some receptions in peer doses. The preparation should be applied for 24-48 h before an ascension, and in case of occurrence of symptoms of illness - to continue treatment during the following 48 h or more if it is necessary.
At the admission of reception of a preparation it is not necessary to enlarge a dose at the next reception.
Side effect
From party TSNS and peripheric nervous system: cramps, paresthesias, an anorexia, a sonitus, short-sightedness; at long application - a disorientation, touch disturbance, drowsiness.
From hemopoiesis system: on occasion at long application - a hemolitic anaemia, a leukopenia, an agranulocytosis.
From vodno-electrolytic balance and acid-alkaline balance: a hypopotassemia, a metabolic acidosis.
From the alimentary system: an anorexia; at long application - a nausea, vomiting, a diarrhoeia.
Dermatological reactions: seldom - reddening of integuments, an itch.
The other: seldom - muscular delicacy, allergic reactions.
Contraindications
- Acute renal insufficiency;
- Hepatic insufficiency;
- A cirrhosis;
- A hypopotassemia;
- An acidosis;
- A hypocorticoidism;
- An uremia;
- A diabetes;
- Pregnancy;
- A lactemia;
- A hypersensibility to preparation components.
Pregnancy and lactemia
Diamox is contraindicative to application at pregnancy and in a lactemia.
Special indicatings
With care prescribe a preparation at edemas of a hepatic and renal genesis and at joint reception with Acidum acetylsalicylicum.
At appointment of a preparation more than 5 days raise risk of development of a metabolic acidosis on end.
With care it is necessary to apply a preparation at elderly patients and-or patients with disturbances of function of kidneys because of the raised risk of development of a metabolic acidosis.
The control of laboratory indicators
At long application of a preparation it is necessary to supervise a picture of peripheric blood, indicators of vodno-electrolytic balance and an acid-alkaline exchange.
Overdosage
Symptoms: intensifying of the described by-effects is possible.
Treatment: spend symptomatic therapy.
Medicinal interaction
At joint application with antiepileptic preparations Diamox strengthens osteomalacia implications.
Conditions and periods of storage
The preparation should be stored in dry, protected from light and a place inaccessible to children at temperature not above 25 C. The Period of validity - 5 years.
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