Retin-A 0.05%
Retin-A (Tretinoin)Pharmacological action
Belongs to Tretinoid group, structurally close to vitamin A both including natural and synthetic analogues, is a natural metabolite (an exchange product) Retinolum. At intake suppresses differentiation and growth of a clone of the changed blood cells. Strengthens a proliferation (quantity augmentation) cells in a papillary layer of a skin; reduces adhesion (merging) of the cells participating in formation of vulgar eels. At processing of the closed eels promotes their transition in open acnes or papules. Prevents formation of new eels.
Indications to application
An acute leukosis (for a remission induction / time weakening or elimination of implications of illness/) as at the patients who were not receiving before therapy, and at relapses (repeated occurrence of signs of illness) or immunities to spent standard therapy. For local application - vulgar eels, including with formation of comedoes (sebaceous stoppers in a mouth of hair saccules), papules, pustules (blisters on a skin, filled with pus), confluent wipe. Illness Favra-Rakushcho (a nodous cystic elastosis of a skin with comedoes).
Way of application and dose
The doctor having experience of treatment of hematological and oncologic diseases can prescribe a preparation only. The recommended daily dose makes 45 mg/m of 2 surfaces of a body in 2 receptions for all patients, including persons of elderly and children's age. Treatment continue within 30-90 days before achievement of full remission. Then prescribe a standard course of chemotherapy cytostatics (the agents suppressing cell fission) which fixes the reached remission. Development of relapse of a leukosis in 2-4 months after the termination of treatment by a preparation is possible.
At intake for prevention "a retin acid syndrome" which includes a fever (a sharp fervescence), a dyspnea, an acute respiratory distress (serious disorder of breath), a pulmonary infiltrate (inspissation in a pulmonary tissue), a hyperleukocytosis (the highest maintenance in blood of leucocytes), an arterial hypotension (dropping of arterial pressure), a pleural exudate (a liquid clump between covers of lungs), renal and hepatic insufficiency (the lesion of other organs and systems is possible also) at substantial growth of quantity of leucocytes or occurrence of other signs of this syndrome prescribe full chemotherapy in adequate doses. It is necessary for women of genital age to apply effective methods of contraception (contraception), at least, for a month prior to the beginning of treatment, during therapy and 1 month after preparation cancellation. Treatment prescribe to 2-3 day of a normal menstrual cycle. For 2 weeks prior to the beginning of treatment absence of pregnancy should be, is confirmed by laboratory tests. Similar tests should be spent once a month.
At local application a cream put on the amazed sites very thin layer of 1 times a day and leave on a skin during 6 h, then wash off flowing water. For persons with a light and dry skin an exposition (time of a finding of a preparation for a skin) a preparation in the treatment beginning makes 30 mines, then duration of influence can be enlarged gradually. In the course of treatment it is authorised to delete cautiously completely softened comedoes and pustules. Duration of treatment - from 6-14 days about 3 months. In the preventive purposes the preparation is applied by 1-3 times for a long time after a warm bath.
At external application of a preparation it is necessary to avoid hit in eyes, a mouth, on mucosas; in case of hit immediately to wash off water. At treatment carrying out it is recommended to avoid stay on the sun. To the patients having sunburn, it is possible to begin treatment after sunburn weakening. In the first week of treatment occurrence of eels that is bound to preparation action on deeply located acnes which were not visible prior to the beginning of treatment can amplify.
Side effect.
Are possible a xerodermia (dryness and a skin ecdysis), dryness in a mouth, a cheilitis (an inflammation of a border of a skin and-or mucous labiums), an eruption, edemas, a nausea, vomiting; rising of concentration of triglycerides in plasma, cholesterol, activity of transaminases (enzymes). Less often - an erythema (the limited erubescence), an itch, the raised diaphoresis, a cellulitis (a fibrous inflammation of a hypodermic fat), partial or full abaissement of hair, dryness mucous, an exfoliative dermatitis (an erubescence of all body with its expressed ecdysis), a xeroma (dryness of covers of eyes); abdominal pains, a diarrhoeia (diarrhoeia), a constipation, a violent stomatitis disturbances of a rhythm of heart; Tussis, pleural exudate, edema mucous a nose, a dyspnea, pharyngitises (a pharynx inflammation), rhonchuses in lungs, noisy breath; giddinesses, consciousness disturbances, rising of intracranial pressure, uneasiness, depression (a depression condition); sight and hearing disturbances; a fever, a fever, changes of weight, a pain in muscles and bones, a thorax and a back; the raised staxis, infection joining (including a pneumonia, hematosepses the/form of infection of blood microorganisms/), the general delicacy and drowsiness. Depending on a clinical situation these phenomena can cause of full cancellation or the time termination of therapy.
At local application reddening, feeling of a burning sensation, a skin ecdysis in a place of drawing of a preparation are possible; in rare instances - puffiness, a blistering or crusts. A photosensitization (rising of sensitivity of an organism to a sunlight).
Contraindications.
A hypersensibility to a preparation. Pregnancy. In need of preparation appointment to nursing mothers feeding should be stopped. Do not use with the cosmetic and hygienic agents causing dryness and a boring of a skin.
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